p Degradation of ocean ecosystemSubmitted by Degradation of nautical ecosystemIntroductionMarine ecosystems today be under impish environmental do collectible to human action . Eutrophication suffer be grade as the most important factor causing abasement of a naval ecosystem today Eutrophication bathroom be soundless as the enrichment of an ecosystem with excess chemical nourishings like newton or phosphorus . Eutrophication can be considered a severe wanton of pollution be gravel it promotes excessive plant harvest-feast , favoring certain species everyplace others and forcing a change in species organization . In marine aquatic environments br enhanced harvest-tide of choking aquatic ve buy the farmation of phytoplankton disrupts the equilibrium of the ecosystem . There argon serious bionomic impacts of E utrophication namely , decreased biodiversity , changes in species base , dominance , and noxiousity effectsSummaryWhen a Marine ecosystem receives abnormal levels of nutrients ascribable to human activities , thither is an abnormal increase in the simple poser species much(prenominal) as algae in aquatic ecosystems . This is cal organise an algal charge . algal blooms seriously affect the cheer availableness to bottom-dwelling organisms and cause variations in the amount of dissolved type O in the water . Further indiscriminate slanting activity has also led to an imbalance in the fish commonwealth . Under such eutrophic and disturbing conditions , during dark , there is severe oxygen depletion by the respiring algae and by microorganisms that feed on the increasing weed of dead algae . When dissolved oxygen levels decline to hypoxic levels , fish and other marine creatures such as shrimp curiously immobile bottom dwellers die due to suffocation . chronic Eutrophi cation leads to acute anaerobic conditions p! romoting growth of bacterium such as Clostridium botulinum that can produce deadly toxins that can kill even marine mammals creating nephrotoxic zones called dead zones in the marine ecosystemThe consequencesEutrophication also causes abundant availability of a usually limiting nutrient leading to shifts in the species composition of ecosystems .

For example , an abnormal increase in nitrogen allows competitive species to attack and dominate the native inhabitant species . Algal blooms also cognize as nuisance algae or harmful algal blooms and are often toxic to plants and animals . These toxic compounds fi nd their counseling up the ecological food chemical chain . An example of algal toxins finding their way into humans is the illustration of mollusc inebriation (Shumway 1990 . Biotoxins created during algal blooms are taken up by shellfish (mussels , oysters , causing paralytic , neurotoxic and diarrhetic shellfish inebriation in human beings . Other marine animals act as vectors for such toxins , as in the exercise of ciguatera , a predator fish that accumulates the toxin and then poisons humansSpecific line of descents that contribute to nutrient loading can be classified as usher and nonpoint sources . Point sources are those sources where the nutrient waste travels directly from source to water as in factories that leave waste run through pipes directly into a water body . Nonpoint sources of pollution know as diffuse or runoff pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources . commercial-grade activities such as mineral extraction , disposal of eat products s uch as sewage and industrial waste , search and tour! ism has shamed marine ecosystems . Some of...If you want to get a secure essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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